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一个协程里可以启动另外一个协程,并等待它完成返回结果,采用await关键字,
例子如下:
import asyncio async def outer(): print('in outer') print('waiting for result1') result1 = await phase1() print('waiting for result2') result2 = await phase2(result1) return (result1, result2) async def phase1(): print('in phase1') return 'result1' async def phase2(arg): print('in phase2') return 'result2 derived from {}'.format(arg) event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() try: return_value = event_loop.run_until_complete(outer()) print('return value: {!r}'.format(return_value)) finally: event_loop.close() 输出结果如下: in outer waiting for result1 in phase1 waiting for result2 in phase2 return value: ('result1', 'result2 derived from result1')
await关键字添加了一个新的协程到循环里,而不需要明确地添加协程到这个事件循环里。
补充知识:python里使用Condition对象来唤醒指定数量的协程
在asyncio库里,定义Condition对象,它的行为与事件Event有点像,区别是事件是通知所有对象,Condition对象可以指定一定数量的协程被通知,它是通过函数notify()来实现的,如果参数里放2,就是通知两个协程,例子如下:
import asyncio async def consumer(condition, n): with await condition: print('consumer {} is waiting'.format(n)) await condition.wait() print('consumer {} triggered'.format(n)) print('ending consumer {}'.format(n)) async def manipulate_condition(condition): print('starting manipulate_condition') # pause to let consumers start await asyncio.sleep(0.1) for i in range(1, 3): with await condition: print('notifying {} consumers'.format(i)) condition.notify(n=i) await asyncio.sleep(0.1) with await condition: print('notifying remaining consumers') condition.notify_all() print('ending manipulate_condition') async def main(loop): # Create a condition condition = asyncio.Condition() # Set up tasks watching the condition consumers = [ consumer(condition, i) for i in range(5) ] # Schedule a task to manipulate the condition variable loop.create_task(manipulate_condition(condition)) # Wait for the consumers to be done await asyncio.wait(consumers) event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() try: result = event_loop.run_until_complete(main(event_loop)) finally: event_loop.close()
结果输出如下:
starting manipulate_condition consumer 2 is waiting consumer 3 is waiting consumer 4 is waiting consumer 1 is waiting consumer 0 is waiting notifying 1 consumers consumer 2 triggered ending consumer 2 notifying 2 consumers consumer 3 triggered ending consumer 3 consumer 4 triggered ending consumer 4 notifying remaining consumers ending manipulate_condition consumer 1 triggered ending consumer 1 consumer 0 triggered ending consumer 0
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